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Persephone

Persephone (Kore) (in Rome Proserpina)
Greek Goddess of spring, youth and underworld.

Persephone as Kore and the birth of Dionysos
Persephone is the daughter of Demeter, Goddess of vegetation, and Zeus, King of the Gods. First she was a Goddess of fertility of the earth and spring called Kore (girl). In the form of a snake Zeus seduced Persephone/Kore, and Dionysos, God of wine, was born. Zeus wanted him to rule the world, but Hera, Queen of the Gods and Zeus wife, was jealous and made the Titans kill him. When he was killed, Athena rescued his heart and Dionysos was later reborn from Semele.

Persephone and abduction to Hades

Once when Persephone was playing on a field away from her mother, Hades, Lord of the Underworld abducted her to be his wife and to rule the underworld with him. Only Hekate, Goddess of the moon and Helios, God of the sun, heared her cries for help. Demeter got angry because Hades took her daughter, and stopped everything on earth from growing. In time Zeus asked his brother Hades to return Persephone back from the underworld to her mother. When Hades heard that, he lured Persephone to eat a pomegranate seed, that were symbols of marriage, so that she would remain bound to the underworld and him forever. As a compromise, it was decided that Persephone would stay two-thirds of the year in upper world, and in that time Demeter would restore fertility to the ground. One third of the year she would stay in the underworld with Hades and rule with him. So Persephone is Goddess of fertility, youth and spring as well as death and the underworld.

Persephone in Hades

When Persephone was in Hades (the name of the underworld is also Hades), she was not just a passive figure, but did also join her husband in making decisions regarding the dead. In the Odyssey, Odysseys preys to her when he is approaching the underworld. She also granted Teiresias the privilege of retaining his wits in Hades, while other dead mortals wandered around as empty shades.

Persephone, Aphrodite and Adonis

Aphrodite and Persephone were both so impressed by the beauty of baby Adonis, God of fertility and vegetation, that they both wanted to keep him. Zeus, after consulting Calliope the Muse of epic poetry, did decide that Adonis was to spend one third of the year with Aphrodite, one third with Persephone and one third by himself, tough Adonis decided to spend his own third also with Aphrodite. When Adonis growned up, he was killed by a wild boar.


Sacred Days

Phases of the moon dedicated to her:
Days 1-3 (new moon) dedicated to her as Persephone
Days 7-9 dedicated to her as Kore.
Festivals dedicated to her
Mabon (autumn equinox) about 23 September. Time of the greater Eleusinian mysteries in ancient Greece. Day is sacred to Demeter and Persephone.
25 November. Festival celebrating women´s mysteries dedicated to Persephone.





List of Gods : "persephone" - 25 records

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Name ▲▼Origin ▲▼Description ▲▼
King name
"Aidoneus"
Greek A mythical king of the Molossians, the husband of Persephone, and father of Core. Greek
Goddess name
"Alpanu aka Alpan"
Etruscan Goddess of love and one of the Lasas, and a ruler of the underworld. Possibly equated with the Greek goddess Persephone. In art, she was usually depicted as a nude or semi-nude winged maiden. Etruscan
Goddess name
"Auxesia"
Greek The goddess who grants growth and prosperity to the fields, a surname of Persephone. Greek

"Azesi"
Greek A surname of Demeter and Persephone, which is derived either from "to dry fruits", or from "to seek". Greek
Goddess name
"Bendis"
Greece A Thracian divinity in whom the moon was worshipped. Hesychius says "that the poet Cratinus called this goddess Two Spears, either because she had to discharge two duties, one towards heaven and the other towards the earth, or because she bore two lances, or lastly, because she had two lights, the one her own and the other derived from the Sun. In Greece she was sometimes identified with Persephone, but more commonly with Artemis.

"Brimo"
Greek The angry or the terrifying, occurs as a surname of several divinities, such as Hecate or Persephone (Argonautica), Demeter, and Cybele. Greek
God name
"Daffodil"
Greek / Roman Or "Lent Lily," was once white; but Persephone, daughter of Demeter, delighted to wander about the flowery meadows of Sicily. One spring, throwing herself on the gråśś, she fell asleep. The god of the Infernal regions, Pluto, fell in love with the beautiful maid, and carried her off for his bride. His touch turned the white flowers to a golden yellow, and some of them fell in Acheron, where they grew luxuriantly; and ever since the flower has been planted on graves. Greek / Roman
Goddess name
"Despina"
Greek Or Despoena, the daughter of Poseidon and Demeter after they mated disguised as horses. Despoena, the ruling goddess or the mistress, occurs as a surname of several divinities, such as Aphrodite, Demeter and Persephone. Greek
Goddess name
"Despoena"
Greek 1. A goddess of fruit. A daughter of Demeter and Poseidon. Known as Pomona to the Romans 2. The ruling goddess or the mistress, occurs as a surname of several divinities, such as Aphrodite, Demeter and Persephone. Greek
Goddess name
"Epaine"
Greek The fearful, a surname of Persephone. Plutarch suggests, that it might also be understood in a euphemistic sense as the praised goddess. Greek
God name
"Eurydice"
Greek The most famous was a woman-or a nymph-who was the wife of Orpheus. While fleeing from Aristaeus, she was bitten by a serpent and died. Distraught, Orpheus played such sad songs and sang so mournfully that all the nymphs and gods wept and gave him advice. Orpheus accomplished something no other person ever has: he traveled to the underworld and by his music softened the heart of Hades and Persephone, who allowed Eurydice to return with him to the world of the living. Greek

"Hecate"
Greek A mysterious divinity, who, according to the most common tradition, was a daughter of Persaeus or Perses and Asteria, whence she is called Perseis. Others describe her as a daughter of Zeus and Demeter, and state that she was sent out by her father in search of Persephone; others again make her a daughter of Zeus either by Pheraea or by Hera; and others, lastly, say that she was a daughter of Leto or Tartarus. Greek
Goddess name
"Kore (tbe girl)"
Greek Youthful goddess of the corn. The more generic name for the goddess PERSEPHONE. Identified as the daughter of DEMETER. She is the spirit of the corn as distinct from her mother who is the giver of the corn. Depicted on coinage as a woman's head adorned with ears of corn. She is integral to the Eleusinian Mysteries in which she is abducted to Hades, resulting in the distress of her mother and the blighting of nature. At Samaria-Sebaste in Syrio-Palestine, Kore was the only deity worshiped, apart from the emperor....

"Kore or Core"
Hopi The maiden, a name by which Persephone is often called. Greek
Goddess name
"Kostroma"
Russian Benevolent and malevolent fertility goddess; like the Greeks' Persephone, she is a dying and reborn daughter. Russian
Nymph name
"Leucippe"
Greek 1. One of the nymphs who was with Persephone at the time she was carried off. 2. The wife of Ilus, and mother of Laomedon. 3. A daughter of Thestor. 4. The wife of Thestius. 5. A daughter of Minyas of Orchomenos. Greek

"Libitina"
Italian An ancient Italian divinity, who was identified by the later Romans sometimes with Persephone on account of her connection with the dead and their burial, and sometimes with Aphrodite.
Goddess name
"Persephone"
Greek Goddess of death and spring, queen of the underworld. Greek
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Sources:
Michael Jordan, Encyclopedia of gods 2002
Michael Senior, Who´s who in mythology 1985
Elizabeth Hallan, Mytologian Jumalat (Gods and Goddesses, 96) 1997
Nigel Pennick, the Pagan book of days 1992
Arthur Cotterell, Mytologia: Jumalia, Sankareita, Myyttejä 2005
Robin Hard, the Routledge handbook of Greek mythology 2004