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God name "AN (1) (sky)" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Iraq |
Supreme creator god. In Sumerian creation mythology An is the supreme being and, with his chthonic female principle, KI, is the founder of the cosmos. Also, in some texts, identified as the son of ANS'AR and KIS'AR. The head of the older generation of gods.... |
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God name "Abu" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
Minor vegetation god. Said to have sprung from the head of the god ENKI, thus symbolizing plants emerging from the earth's soil.... |
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Deity name "Abzu" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
Primordial deity of underground waters. His center of cult is at Eridu (southern Mesopotamia), and he was replaced in Akkadian times by APSU.... |
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Deities name "Alad Udug Lama" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Collective name of guardian deities. Vague spirits who accompany major deities and dispense good fortune.... |
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God name "Amurru" |
Akkadian |
Or Martu are also names given in Akkadian and Sumerian texts to the god of the Amorite / Amurru people, often forming part of personal names. He is sometimes called Ilu Amurru. Sometimes described as a 'shepherd', and as a son of the sky-god Anu. |
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Goddess name "Anat in Mesopotamia" |
Akkadian |
In Akkadian the form one would expect Anat to take would be Antu earlier Antum. This would also be the normal femanine form that would be taken by Anu, the Akkadian form of An 'Sky', the Sumerian god of heaven. Antu appears in Akkadian texts mostly as a rather colorless consort of Anu, the mother of Ishtar in the Gilgamesh story, but is also identified with the northwest Semitic goddess Anat of essentially the same name. It is unknown whether this is an equation of two originally separate goddesses whose names happened to fall together or whether Anat's cult spread to Mesopotamia where she came to be worshippped as Anu's spouse because the Mesopotamia form of her name suggested she was a counterpart to Anu. |
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God name "Anm (1)" |
Mesopotamian / BabylonianAkkadian |
Creator god. Consort of ANTU(m). Derived from the older Sumerian god AN. Anu features strongly in the akitu festival in Babylon, Uruk and other cities until the Hellenic period and possibly as late as 200 BC. Some of his later pre-eminence may be attributable to identification with the Greek god of heaven, ZEUS, and with OURANOS.... |
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Goddess name "Anunit aka Anunitu" |
Chaldea |
The Assyrian and Babylonian counterpart to the Sumerian Inanna and to the cognate northwest Semitic goddess Astarte. Anunit, Astarte and Atarsamain are alternative names for Ishtar. Chaldea |
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Goddess name "Anunnaki" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Children and courtiers of the god of heaven. Known from at least 2500 BC until circa 200BC (in Babylon). The Anunnaki originate as chthonic fertility deities but later feature as the seven fearsome judges of the underworld who answer to Kur and ERES KIGAL and who are responsible for passing sentences of death including that placed on the goddess INANA. They are often closely identified with the IGIGI.... |
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Deities name "Anunnaki aka Anunnaku" |
Babylon |
Ananaki, a group of Sumerian and Akkadian deities related to, and in some cases overlapping with, the Annuna (the 'Fifty Great Gods') and the Igigi (minor gods). Babylon |
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"Apsu" |
Akkadian |
Aka abzu or engur, the name for the mythological underground freshwater ocean in Sumerian and Akkadian mythology. |
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God name "Apsu" |
Mesopotamian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
God of underground primeval waters. Derived from the Sumerian ABZU. In the Babylonian creation epic Enuma Elis Apsu is killed, while sleeping, by ENKI, who establishes his own abode above the deeps. Apsu's death triggered the cosmic challenge between the forces of MARDUK and TIAMAT.... |
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Goddess name "Aruru" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Mother goddess. See also NINHURSAG A.... |
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God name "Asalluha" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Minor god. A son of ENKI who apparently acts as a messenger and reporter to his father. Linked with rituals of exorcism. Cult center Ku'ara. In Babylonian times he became largely syncretized with MARDTK.... |
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Goddess name "Asnan" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
vegetation goddess. Minor deity probably known to the Sumerians from circa 3500BC or earlier. She is concerned with the abundance of grain in the fields, sent as its protectress by the gods ENLIL and ENKI. According to creation accounts, she and the cattle god LAHAR were first intended to serve the needs of the Annunaki, the celestial children of AN, but when the heavenly creatures were found unable to make use of their products, humankind was created to provide an outlet for their services. Attributes: ears of corn sprouting from her shoulders.... |
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Goddess name "Aya" |
Mesopotamian / Babylonian Akkadian |
Mother goddess. Derived from the Sumerian model of S ERIDA. Consort of the Sun god S AMAS whose marriage was celebrated at New Year in Babylon.... |
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Goddess name "Baba" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Fertility goddess. Locally worshiped in Lagas, where Gudea built her a temple. Also Bau.... |
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Goddess name "Bel" |
Akkadian |
Bel became especially used of the Babylonian god Marduk and when found in Assyrian and neo-Babylonian personal names or mentioned in inscriptions in Mesoptamian context it can usually be taken as referring to Marduk and no other god. Similarly Belit without some disambiguation mostly refers to Bel Marduk's spouse Sarpanit. However Marduk's mother, the Sumerian goddess called Ninhursag, Ningal and Ninmah and other names in Sumerian, was often known as Belit-ili 'Lady of the Gods' in Akkadian. |
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Goddess name "Damaannrna" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Mother goddess. She first appears as a consort of ENLIL and, as Mesopotamian traditions progress, becomes associated with EA and the mother of the Babylonian god MARDUK. Also DAMKINA (Akkadian).... |
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God name "Eikimdu" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
God of canals and ditches. In creation mythology he is given his task by the god ENKI. See also ENBILULU.... |
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God name "Eimesarra" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Chthonic god of the law. According to texts he controls the me's or Divine rules.... |
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God name "Emes" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
vegetation god. Emes was created at the wish of ENLIL to take responsibility on earth for woods, fields, sheep folds and stables. He is identified with the abundance of the earth and with summer. An unidentified deity who is depicted iconographically with a plough may well be Emes.... |
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God name "Enbilulu" |
Sumerian |
A river god in charge of the sacred rivers Tigris and Euphrates. He was also the deity of canals, irrigation and farming. Sumerian |
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God name "Enbilulu" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
River god. In creation mythology he is placed in charge of the sacred rivers Tigris and Euphrates by the god ENKI. He is also god of canals, irrigation and farming. In Babylonian times he becomes the son of EA and is syncretized with ADAD.... |
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God name "Endursaga (lofty mace)" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
Herald god. He leads the Sumerian pantheon particularly in times of conflict. Also IS UM (Akkadian).... |
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God name "Enlil" |
Sumeria |
God of air and weather. One of four Sumerian creating gods. Sumeria |
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God name "Enmesharra" |
Sumerian |
A god of the underworld who often worked with Enbilulu to bring water to the surface of the earth. Sumerian |
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God name "Ennugi" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / BabylonianAkkadian |
God. The attendant and throne-bearer of ENLIL (ELLIL).... |
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God name "Enten" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
Fertility god. Created by ENLIL as a guardian deity of farmers alongside the minor god EMES , Enten was given specific responsibility for the fertility of ewes, goats, cows, donkeys, birds and other animals. He is identified with the abundance of the earth and with the Winter period.... |
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Goddess name "Ezinu" |
Sumerian |
The Sumerian goddess of grain. |
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Goddess name "Galla" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Minor underworld gods. Attendants of the goddess ERES KIGAL. Also Gallu.... |
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Goddess name "Gangir" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
Goddess. One of the seven daughters of the goddess Baba, known chiefly at Lagas'. Also, and more properly, Hegir-Nuna.... |
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Goddess name "Gatumdug" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Fertility goddess. The daughter of the sky god AN, she is the tutelary mother goddess of Lagas'.... |
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God name "Gerra" |
Mesopotamian / BabylonianAkkadian |
God of fire. Derived from the Sumerian GIBIL, he is the son of ANU and ANUNITU and becomes largely syncretized with both ERRA and NERGAL.... |
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Goddess name "Gestinanna" |
Sumerian |
An oracular Goddess and an interpreter of dreams. Also fond of sheep. Sumerian |
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Goddess name "Gestin-Ana" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
Chthonic goddess. The sister of DUMUZI and consort of Ningisida. The so-called heavenly grape-vine, this minor goddess is involved in the account of Dumuzi trying to escape from his fate at the hands of INANA and ERESKIGAL. In her house he is changed into a gazelle before being caught and finally transported to the underworld.... |
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God name "Gestu" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Minor god of intellect. According to legend he was sacrificed by the great gods and his blood was used in the creation of mankind.... |
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God name "Gibil" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
Fire god. The son of AN and KI. By the Akkadian period he becomes known as GERRA.... |
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Spirit name "Gidim" |
Sumerian |
The spirits of the dead, living in the Netherworld. Sumerian |
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God name "Gilgamesh" |
Greek |
A demigod of superhuman strength who built a great wall to defend his people from external threats, a sort of Sumerian equivalent to the Greek Heracles. |
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God name "Giszida" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / BabylonianAkkadian |
God. See Nin-giszida. See also NINGISZIDA.... |
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Goddess name "Gubarra" |
Sumerian |
Fire goddess. Sumerian |
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Goddess name "Gugulanna" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
Minor underworld deity. The consort of the goddess ERESiKIGAL, mentioned as the pretext on which the fertility goddess INANA descends to the netherworld.... |
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Goddess name "Gula (great one)" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Goddess of healing. Consort of NINURTA. Her animal is the dog. She may be synonymous with NIN'INSINA. Also mentioned in Hellenistic Babylonian times. A Gula temple is described at Uruk. Also NINTINUGGA.... |
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Goddess name "Gunura" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
deity of uncertain status. Described variously as the husband of the goddess NIN'INSINA and the father of Damu (DUMUZI), but also as the sister of Damu.... |
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God name "Gusilim (loud voice)" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
God. See also ISTARAN.... |
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God name "Hahanu" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
God of uncertain function. Known from passing reference in texts and from inscriptions.... |
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God name "Hanis" |
Sumerian |
A small-time god who, along with Sullat will escort Adad when he brings the flood. Sumerian |
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God name "Hayasum" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Minor god. Known from texts, but of uncertain function.... |
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God name "Hendursaga" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
God of the law. He was titled by Gudea of Lagas herald of the land of Sumer.... |
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God name "Huban" |
Elamite / Iran |
Tutelary god. Equating with the Sumerian ENLIL.... |
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God name "IS KUR" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Iraq |
storm god. The chief Rain and thunder god of herdsmen, Iskur is described as the brother of the Sun god UTU. In creation mythology Iskur is given charge over the winds, the so-called silver lock of the heart of heaven, by the god ENKI. According to some authors, in prehistoric times he was perceived as a bull or as a lion whose roar is the thunder. He may be depicted as a warrior riding across the skies in a chariot, dispensing Raindrops and hailstones. In one text he is identified as the son of AN and twin brother of Enki. He is to be compared with NINURTA who was primarily a god of farmers. He was also adopted by the Hittites as a storm god.... |
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God name "Igigi" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Collective name of a class of gods. The group of younger sky gods in the pantheon headed by ENLIL (ELLIL). They are often described in the texts in conjunction with the ANUNNAKI.... |
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Goddess name "Inana, Istar,Ishtar" |
Akkadian / Sumerian |
The most important of all Mesopotamian goddesses, and a multi-faceted personality, occurring in cuneiform texts of all periods. The Sumerian name probably means "Lady of heaven";, and the Akkadian name Ishtar is related to the Syrian Astarte and the biblical Ashtaroth is usually considered as a daughter of Anzu, with her cult located in Uruk, but there are other traditions as to her ancestry, and it is probable that these reflect originally different goddesses that were identified with her. Ishtar is the subiect of a cycle of texts describing her love affair and ultimately fatal relationship with Tammuz. |
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Goddess name "Inanna" |
Mesopotamia |
Inana, the original "Holy Virgin," as the Sumerians called her, is the first known divinity associated with the planet Venus. This Sumerian goddess became identified with the Semitic goddesses Ishtar and later Astarte, Egyptian Isis, Greek Aphrodite, Etruscan Turan and the Roman Venus. Mesopotamia |
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God name "Isimud" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
Messenger god. Readily identified by possessing two faces looking in opposite directions, Isimud is the messenger of the god ENKI. Also Isinu; Usumu (Akkadian).... |
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"Ismud" |
Sumerian |
The visier of Enki, whose secrets he kept. Sumerian |
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God name "Istaran" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
Local god. The tutelary god of the city of Der, east of the river Tigris in northern Babylonia. Also GUSILIM.... |
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God name "Kabta" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
God of artisans. In creation mythology he is given charge over brickmolds and pickaxes.... |
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God name "Ki (the great one)" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
Archetypal chthonic principle. According to some traditions, Ki is the daughter of ANS'AR and KIS'AR and consort of AN. As the cosmos came into being, An took the role of god of heaven and Ki became the personification of the earth and underworld. She is the mother of the god of the air, ENLIL, with whom she descended from the heavens. Some authorities argue that she was never regarded as a deity. There is no evidence of a cult and the name appears in a limited number of Sumerian creation texts. The name URAS (tilth) may relate.See also ANTU(M).... |
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God name "Kisar" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Primordial god(dess). The consort or equal of ANS'AR and mother or creator of AN and KI in the creation cosmos.... |
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God name "Kulla" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
God of builders. The god responsible for the creation of bricks.... |
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God name "Kus" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
God of herdsmen. Identified in the Theogony of Dunnu.... |
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Goddess name "Lahar" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
God of cattle. According to legend, he was sent to earth by the gods ENLIL and ENKI, to work in conjunction with the grain goddess AS'NAN. In iconography he usually has ears of corn sprouting from his shoulders. He may also carry a bow and club and is often depicted with a ram at his feet.... |
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Goddess name "Leiwani" |
Hittite / Hurrian |
Chthonic underworld goddess. Associated with charnel houses and probably modeled on the Sumerian ERES KIGAL.... |
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Goddess name "Lilith" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
Goddess of desolation. She is perceived as a demonic figure who, in the epic legend of Gilgames and the Huluppu Tree takes up residence in INANA'S holy tree growing on the banks of the Euphrates in Unug. When the hero Gilgames attacks Lilith she escapes into the desert wastes.... |
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God name "Lugal-Irra" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Chthonic underworld god. Probably a minor variation of ERRA, the Babylonian plague god. The prefix Lugal means lord. Often coupled with MES LAM TAEA, god of war.... |
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God name "Lulal" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
God of uncertain status. Mentioned as living in BadtIbira in the Sumerian text Descent of Inana. Also linked with a god Latarak.... |
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Goddess name "Mami" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Mother goddess. Identified in the Atrahasis texts and other creation legends and probably synonymous with NINHURSAG A. She was involved in the creation of mankind from clay and blood. The name almost certainly came into use because it is the first word that a child formulates. Also Mama; Mammitum.... |
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God name "Manmngal" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Chthonic underworld god. A minor deity, the consort of birdU.... |
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God name "Martu" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
Tutelary god. The patron god of the city of Ninab mentioned in the texts but never re-discovered. Probably not a true Sumerian deity but adopted from an unknown western Semitic culture. He is sometimes identified as a storm god.... |
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God name "Mes Ai Du" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / BabylonianAkkadian |
God. Probably an alternative title for the Sun god (see S AMAS ).... |
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God name "Mes Lam Taea" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
God of war. An aggressive aspect of the chthonic underworld god NERGAL. Often linked with the god LUGAL-IRRA.... |
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God name "Muati" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
Obscure local god. Associated in some texts with the mythical island Paradise of Dilmun, he becomes syncretized with NABU.... |
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Goddess name "Mulliltu" |
Sumerian |
The consort goddess of Enlil. Sumerian |
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Goddess name "Mulliltu" |
Mesopotamian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Goddess. The consort of ELLIL (ENLIL) and of ASSUR. She derives from the Sumerian goddess NINLIL.... |
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God name "Musdamma" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
God of buildings. Described as the great builder of ENLIL, Mus damma is a minor deity appointed by the god ENKI to take responsibility for building projects and for houses.... |
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Goddess name "N ssaba" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
Goddess of writing and wisdom. A daughter of AN and probably orig inally a vegetation deity. Her symbol is the inscribing stylus. She is a patron deity of Unug [Warka].... |
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Goddess name "NAMMU" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian / Iraq |
Chthonic creator and birth goddess. Nammu is identified in various texts as the goddess of the watery deeps. As a consort of AN she is the mother of ENKI and the power of the riverbed to produce water. Alternatively Nammu is the progenitrix of An and KI, the archetypal deities of heaven and earth. She also engendered other early gods and in one poem is the mother of all mortal life. She molded clay collected by creatures called sig-en-sig-du and brought it to life, thus creating mankind. She is attended by seven minor goddesses and may ultimately have become syncretized with NINHURSAG A.... |
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Goddess name "NINURTA (lord plough)" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian / Iraq |
God of thunderstorms and the plough. Ninurta is the Sumerian god of farmers and is identified with the plough. He is also the god of thunder and the hero of the Sumerian pantheon, closely linked with the confrontation battles between forces of good and evil that characterize much of Mesopotamian literature. He is one of several challengers of the malignant dragon or serpent Kur said to inhabit the empty space between the earth's crust and the primeval sea beneath. Ninurta is the son of Enlil and Ninhursaga a, alternatively Ninlil, and is the consort of Gula, goddess of healing. He is attributed with the creation of the mountains which he is said to have built from giant stones with which he had fought against the demon Asag. He wears the horned helmet and tiered skirt and carries a weapon Sarur which becomes personified in the texts, having its own intelligence and being the chief adversary, in the hands of Ninurta, of Kur. He carries the double-edged scimitar-mace embellished with lions' heads and, according to some authors, is depicted in nonhuman form as the thunderbird lmdugud (sling stone), which bears the head of a lion and may represent the hailstones of the god. His sanctuary is the E-padun-tila. Ninurta is perceived as a youthful warrior and probably equates with the Babylonian heroic god Marduk. His cult involved a journey to Eridu from both Nippur and Girsu. He may be compared with Iskur, who was worshiped primarily by herdsmen as a storm god.... |
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Goddess name "Namtar (fate)" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
Messenger god(dess). A go-between and either minister or maid-servant of the underworld goddess ERES KIGAL, who brings death to mankind at the appropriate time.... |
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Goddess name "Nanse" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
Goddess of justice. A daughter of ENKI (or EA), she is linked with the interpretation of dreams. Mentioned sporadically in texts and most closely identified with the city of Lagas with a cult center at Sirara, but also the subject of a highly ethical hymn from Nippur. Also Nas, Nina.... |
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Goddess name "Negun" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
Minor goddess. Known from limited references and of uncertain function. Possibly associated with the goddess SIRARA. Her brother is Asai and they are linked with the cities of Adab and Kes. Also Lisin.... |
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Goddess name "Neti" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Chthonic underworld god. Chief gatekeeper of the netherworld. The servant of the goddess ERES KIGAL. Neti features prominently in the epic legend of Inanas Descent into the underworld when he opens the seven gates of the realm and admits the goddess, removing one emblem of her power at the threshold of each gate.... |
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Goddess name "Nin Ezen (La)" |
Sumerian |
Goddess. An alternative name for the goddess of healing, GULA.... |
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Goddess name "Nin Mar Ki" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
Goddess. See NINMAH.... |
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Goddess name "Nin Me En" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
Goddess. Probably equating to NINMENA.... |
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God name "Nin Ur" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
God. Probably synonymous with NINURTA.... |
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Goddess name "Nin-Imma" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Fertility goddess. Deification of the female sex organs, fathered by Enki with Ninkurra.... |
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Goddess name "Nin-s ar (lady plant)" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
Minor mother goddess. Nin-s.ar is linked briefly as consort to either Enlil (her father) or Enki by whom, after nine days of gestation, she gave birth to the goddess Ninkurra who, in turn, became the mother of the goddess Uttu.... |
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God name "Ninazu" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
Chthonic god. Less frequently encountered in the texts than NERGAL. Son of ENLIL and NINLIL or, in alternative traditions, of ERES KIGAL and the father of Ning-is-zida. The patron deity of Es nunna until superseded by TISPAK. His sanctuaries are the E-sikil and E-kurma. Also identified as a god of healing, he is (unlike Nergal) generally benevolent.... |
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Goddess name "Nindara" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
God. The consort of the goddess NANS E.... |
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God name "Nindub" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
God. Locally known and identified with the city state of Lagas .... |
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Goddess name "Ningal (great queen)" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Reed goddess. Ningal is the daughter of ENKI and NINGIKUGA and the consort of the moon god NANNA by whom she bore UTU... |
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Goddess name "Ningikuga (lady of the pure reed)" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Goddess of reeds and marshes. One of the consorts of ENKI and the daughter of AN and NAMMU.... |
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Deity name "Ningilin" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Obscure deity. His symbol is probably the mongoose. Also Ninkilim.... |
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God name "Ningirama" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
God of magic. A minor deity invoked particularly as a protection against snakes.... |
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God name "Ningirsu" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Tutelary god. His mother is NINHURSAGa A. Known from the city of Lagas (Girsu) where Gudea built a major temple in his honor, the Eninnu. His symbol is a lion-headed eagle and his weapon the mace S, arur. Texts describe Ningirsu making a journey to Eridu to notify the god ENKI of Gudea's achievement.... |
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God name "Ningishzida" |
Sumerian |
An underworld Mesopotamian deity, the patron of Medicine, and also a God of nature. His name in Sumerian means "lord of the good tree". Sumerian |
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God name "Ningiszida" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / BabylonianAkkadian |
The god of light coming from the horizon. Tutelary god of Gudea of Lagas,, the son of NINAZU. Identified in Akkadian texts and on a seal of Gudea. Also GISZIDA.... |
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Goddess name "Niniiniinna" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Fertility goddess. A daughter of An and Uras and probably an alternative name for Istar. She is the consort of the god Pabilsag and is mentioned in respect of a sanctuary built by warad Sin during the Isin dynasty. Texts describe her going to present Enlil with gifts in Nippur. Other inscriptions suggest she was the mother of the god Damu (Dumuzi).... |
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God name "Ninkarnunna" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Barber god. An attendant of the god Ninurta.... |
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Goddess name "Ninkurra" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Minor mother goddess. Ninkurra is linked briefly as consort to Enlil (her grandfather), by whom after nine days of gestation she gave birth to the goddess Uttu. In alternative mythology she was the mother of Nin-imma, the deification of female sex organs.... |
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Goddess name "Ninlil" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
Goddess of the air and of grain. She is the daughter of the god of stores, Haia, and the barley goddess, Ninsebargunnu. The consort of the air god Enlil, who impregnated her with water to create the moon god Nana, she also conceived the underworld god Nergal when Enlil impregnated her disguised as the gateman of Nippur. In a similar manner she conceived the underworld god Ninazu when Enlil impregnated her disguised as the man of the river of the nether world, the man-devouring river. According to some texts she is also the mother of Ninurta, the god of the plough and thunderstorms.... |
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Goddess name "Ninmah" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Mother goddess. Probably an early syncretization with Ninhursaga a. Identified in creation texts acting as midwife while the mother goddess Nammu makes different kinds of human individuals from lumps of clay at a feast given by Enki to celebrate the creation of humankind. Also regarded as the mother of the goddess Uttu by Enki.See also Ninhursagaa.... |
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Goddess name "Ninmrna (lady of the crown)" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
Mother goddess. Probably became syncretized with Ninhursagaa.... |
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Goddess name "Ninni" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
Goddess. A modern mis-reading of Innin, which is itself an outmoded version of the name Inana.... |
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Goddess name "Nins ubur" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Messenger God (Goddess). The servant of the goddess Inana, she is particularly prominent in the legend of Inana's Descent and the death of Dumuzi. In Akkadian texts the sex changes to a male personality, the minister of Anu.... |
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Goddess name "Ninsikil" |
Origin |
A tutelary goddess of Dilmun, the place of assembly of the gods, their meeting place and, so far as the Sumerians were concerned, the place of their origin. Her name means the pure queen. |
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Goddess name "Ninsikil" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
The goddess of Dilmun. The patron deity of the mythical Paradise land of Dilmun which seems to have been perceived as somewhere off the coast of the Persian Gulf but firmly beyond the frontiers of Sumer. It is Ninsikil who pleads with Enki to provide the earth with the boon of fresh water in the sacred rivers Tigris and Euphrates.... |
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Goddess name "Ninsun(a) (lady wild cow)" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
cow goddess. Tutelary goddess of Gudea of Lagas.. Consort of the Sumerian heroic king Lugalbanda and also identified as the mother of the hero Gilgames..... |
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Goddess name "Nintinugga" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
Goddess. See Gula.... |
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Goddess name "Nintu" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Mother goddess. According to legend she pinched off fourteen pieces of primordial clay which she formed into womb deities, seven on the left and seven on the right with a brick between them, who produced the first seven pairs of human embryos. She is closely identified with the goddess Ninhursaga a and may have become Belet Ili (mistress of the gods) when, at Enki's suggestion, the gods slew one among themselves and used his blood and flesh, mixed with clay, to create mankind.... |
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God name "Nu Mus Da" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
Tutelary god. The patron deity of the lost city of Kazallu, mentioned in texts.... |
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God name "Nudimmud" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
Creator god. Rapidly syncretized with the Akkadian god EA.... |
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Goddess name "Nunbarsegunu" |
Sumerian |
An alternate name for the Goddess Nisaba, mother of Ninlil, the Sumerian goddess of fertility, in particular of the date palm and the reed. Sumerian |
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Goddess name "Nunbarsegunu" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Obscure mother goddess. Mentioned in creation texts as the old woman of Nippur, she is identified as the mother of NINLIL, the air goddess. Nunbarsegunu allegedly instructs her daughter in the arts of obtaining the attentions of ENLIL.... |
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God name "Nus ku" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
God of light. The son of ENLIL. Also a god of fire, he is symbolized by a lamp. Sanctuaries have been identified at Harran and Neirab.... |
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Goddess name "Pa-bil-sag" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Tutelary god of Isin. The consort of the goddess NIN'INSINNA. Identified with the city of Larak (lost), texts describe Pabilsag journeying to Nippur and presenting the god ENLIL with gifts. He is given the epithet of the wild bull with multicolored legs.... |
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God name "S ara" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Minor war god. Mainly identified with the city of Umma, north east of Unug (Uruk), and identified in some texts as the son of INANA (IS TAR).... |
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God name "Sakka(n)" |
Mesopotamian / BabylonianAkkadian |
God of cattle. A patron god of herdsmen, probably deriving from the Sumerian god LAHAR. Also Amakandu, Sumuqan.... |
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Goddess name "Samas'" |
Mesopotamian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Sun god. The patron deity of Sippar and Larsa. His consort is the mother goddess A-A. S amas derives from the god UTU in the Sumerian pantheon. He is associated with justice. His symbol is the Sun disc and a star surrounded with radiating Sunbeams. He may carry a single-headed scimitar embellished with a panther head. His sanctuary is known as the E-babbar. Also associated with human-headed bulls. His attendant deities include Mes aru, justice, and Kettu, righteousness. He came to much greater prominence in the pantheon at Babylon from about the eighteenth century BC.... |
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Goddess name "Sarra lntu" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Fertility goddess. Originally the tutelary deity of the city of Su-Sin. By Hellenistic times she probably became the more important goddess Sarrahitu who is included in the pantheon at Uruk and mentioned in various cult texts where she is described as the bride and was presumably involved in a sacred marriage ceremony.... |
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Goddess name "Serida" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
Mother goddess. Became known as AYA in the Akkadian pantheon.... |
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God name "Sin" |
Mesopotamian / BabylonianAkkadian |
moon god. Derived from the older Sumerian model of NANNA. His consort is NIKKAL (NINGAL). He is symbolized by the new moon and perceived as a bull whose horns are the crescent of the moon. Cult centers are identified at Ur, Harran and Neirab. Also Suen (archaic).... |
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Goddess name "Sirara" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Goddess of the Persian Gulf. In creation mythology she is given charge over the waters of the Gulf by the god ENKI.... |
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Goddess name "Sirtur" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian / Babylonian - Akkadian |
Sheep goddess. Known from inscriptions and passing comments in texts. Syncretized with NINSUN.... |
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Goddess name "Sul-pa-e (youthful radiance)" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
Fertility and astral god. Identified as the personification of the planet Jupiter and, in one list, the consort of the mother goddess NINHURSAG A.... |
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Goddess name "Sulsaga" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
Astral goddess. Sul-utula... |
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God name "Sumugan" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
God of the river plains. In creation mythology he is given charge by the god ENKI over the flat alluvial lands of southern Mesopotamia.... |
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God name "Tammuz" |
Shumerian |
A Sumerian shepherd-god |
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Goddess name "Tiamat" |
Babylonian |
The primordial mother goddess in Babylonian and Sumerian mythology, and a central figure in the Enuma Elish creation epic. |
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Goddess name "Uras" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
Chthonic earth goddess. One of the named consorts of the sky god AN and the mother of NIN'INSINNA.... |
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God name "Utnapishtim" |
Sumerian |
Utnapishtim is the wise king of the Sumerian city state of Shuruppak who, along with his wife, survived a great flood sent by Enlil to drown every living thing on earth. Utnapishtim was secretly warned by the water god Ea of Enlil's planned and constructed a great boat or ark to save himself, his family and representatives of each species of animal. |
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Goddess name "Uttu" |
Mesopotamian / Sumerian |
vegetation goddess and goddess of weaving. Not to be confused with UTU the Sun god, Uttu is a minor deity whose father is ENKI. According to legend, Enki first impregnated the mother goddess NINHURSAG A, whose nine-day gestation produced the goddess NIN-S'AR. She in turn was impregnated by Enki and, after a similar nine-day gestation, gave birth to the goddess NINKURRA. Through the same procedure with her grandfather, Ninkurra conceived the goddess Uttu. She is depicted as the goddess of weaving and of spiders.... |
